Hominin Dispersal into the Nefud Desert and Middle Palaeolithic Settlement along the Jubbah Palaeolake, Northern Arabia
Identifieur interne : 005356 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005355; suivant : 005357Hominin Dispersal into the Nefud Desert and Middle Palaeolithic Settlement along the Jubbah Palaeolake, Northern Arabia
Auteurs : Michael D. Petraglia [Royaume-Uni, États-Unis] ; Abdullah Alsharekh [Arabie saoudite] ; Paul Breeze [Royaume-Uni] ; Chris Clarkson [Australie] ; Rémy Crassard [France] ; Nick A. Drake [Royaume-Uni] ; Huw S. Groucutt [Royaume-Uni] ; Richard Jennings [Irlande (pays)] ; Adrian G. Parker [Royaume-Uni] ; Ash Parton [Royaume-Uni] ; Richard G. Roberts [Australie] ; Ceri Shipton [Australie] ; Carney Matheson [Canada] ; Abdulaziz Al-Omari [Arabie saoudite] ; Margaret-Ashley Veall [Canada]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
The Arabian Peninsula is a key region for understanding hominin dispersals and the effect of climate change on prehistoric demography, although little information on these topics is presently available owing to the poor preservation of archaeological sites in this desert environment. Here, we describe the discovery of three stratified and buried archaeological sites in the Nefud Desert, which includes the oldest dated occupation for the region. The stone tool assemblages are identified as a Middle Palaeolithic industry that includes Levallois manufacturing methods and the production of tools on flakes. Hominin occupations correspond with humid periods, particularly Marine Isotope Stages 7 and 5 of the Late Pleistocene. The Middle Palaeolithic occupations were situated along the Jubbah palaeolake-shores, in a grassland setting with some trees. Populations procured different raw materials across the lake region to manufacture stone tools, using the implements to process plants and animals. To reach the Jubbah palaeolake, Middle Palaeolithic populations travelled into the ameliorated Nefud Desert interior, possibly gaining access from multiple directions, either using routes from the north and west (the Levant and the Sinai), the north (the Mesopotamian plains and the Euphrates basin), or the east (the Persian Gulf). The Jubbah stone tool assemblages have their own suite of technological characters, but have types reminiscent of both African Middle Stone Age and Levantine Middle Palaeolithic industries. Comparative inter-regional analysis of core technology indicates morphological similarities with the Levantine Tabun C assemblage, associated with human fossils controversially identified as either Neanderthals or
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049840
PubMed: 23185454
PubMed Central: 3501467
Affiliations:
- Arabie saoudite, Australie, Canada, France, Irlande (pays), Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Grand Londres, Oxfordshire, Rhône-Alpes
- Londres, Lyon, Oxford
- Université d'Oxford
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Le document en format XML
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<country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country>
<wicri:regionArea>The Saudi General Commission for Tourism and Antiquities, Taif Antiquities Office, Taif</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Taif</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Veall, Margaret Ashley" sort="Veall, Margaret Ashley" uniqKey="Veall M" first="Margaret-Ashley" last="Veall">Margaret-Ashley Veall</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, Paleo-DNA Laboratory, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, Paleo-DNA Laboratory, Lakehead University, Ontario</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
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<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
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</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The Arabian Peninsula is a key region for understanding hominin dispersals and the effect of climate change on prehistoric demography, although little information on these topics is presently available owing to the poor preservation of archaeological sites in this desert environment. Here, we describe the discovery of three stratified and buried archaeological sites in the Nefud Desert, which includes the oldest dated occupation for the region. The stone tool assemblages are identified as a Middle Palaeolithic industry that includes Levallois manufacturing methods and the production of tools on flakes. Hominin occupations correspond with humid periods, particularly Marine Isotope Stages 7 and 5 of the Late Pleistocene. The Middle Palaeolithic occupations were situated along the Jubbah palaeolake-shores, in a grassland setting with some trees. Populations procured different raw materials across the lake region to manufacture stone tools, using the implements to process plants and animals. To reach the Jubbah palaeolake, Middle Palaeolithic populations travelled into the ameliorated Nefud Desert interior, possibly gaining access from multiple directions, either using routes from the north and west (the Levant and the Sinai), the north (the Mesopotamian plains and the Euphrates basin), or the east (the Persian Gulf). The Jubbah stone tool assemblages have their own suite of technological characters, but have types reminiscent of both African Middle Stone Age and Levantine Middle Palaeolithic industries. Comparative inter-regional analysis of core technology indicates morphological similarities with the Levantine Tabun C assemblage, associated with human fossils controversially identified as either Neanderthals or <italic>Homo sapiens</italic>
.</p>
</div>
</front>
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</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Canada</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Irlande (pays)</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Angleterre</li>
<li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li>
<li>Grand Londres</li>
<li>Oxfordshire</li>
<li>Rhône-Alpes</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Londres</li>
<li>Lyon</li>
<li>Oxford</li>
</settlement>
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<name sortKey="Drake, Nick A" sort="Drake, Nick A" uniqKey="Drake N" first="Nick A." last="Drake">Nick A. Drake</name>
<name sortKey="Groucutt, Huw S" sort="Groucutt, Huw S" uniqKey="Groucutt H" first="Huw S." last="Groucutt">Huw S. Groucutt</name>
<name sortKey="Parker, Adrian G" sort="Parker, Adrian G" uniqKey="Parker A" first="Adrian G." last="Parker">Adrian G. Parker</name>
<name sortKey="Parton, Ash" sort="Parton, Ash" uniqKey="Parton A" first="Ash" last="Parton">Ash Parton</name>
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<country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Petraglia, Michael D" sort="Petraglia, Michael D" uniqKey="Petraglia M" first="Michael D." last="Petraglia">Michael D. Petraglia</name>
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<country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alsharekh, Abdullah" sort="Alsharekh, Abdullah" uniqKey="Alsharekh A" first="Abdullah" last="Alsharekh">Abdullah Alsharekh</name>
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<name sortKey="Al Omari, Abdulaziz" sort="Al Omari, Abdulaziz" uniqKey="Al Omari A" first="Abdulaziz" last="Al-Omari">Abdulaziz Al-Omari</name>
<name sortKey="Alsharekh, Abdullah" sort="Alsharekh, Abdullah" uniqKey="Alsharekh A" first="Abdullah" last="Alsharekh">Abdullah Alsharekh</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Clarkson, Chris" sort="Clarkson, Chris" uniqKey="Clarkson C" first="Chris" last="Clarkson">Chris Clarkson</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Roberts, Richard G" sort="Roberts, Richard G" uniqKey="Roberts R" first="Richard G." last="Roberts">Richard G. Roberts</name>
<name sortKey="Shipton, Ceri" sort="Shipton, Ceri" uniqKey="Shipton C" first="Ceri" last="Shipton">Ceri Shipton</name>
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<country name="France"><region name="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"><name sortKey="Crassard, Remy" sort="Crassard, Remy" uniqKey="Crassard R" first="Rémy" last="Crassard">Rémy Crassard</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Irlande (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Jennings, Richard" sort="Jennings, Richard" uniqKey="Jennings R" first="Richard" last="Jennings">Richard Jennings</name>
</noRegion>
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<country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Matheson, Carney" sort="Matheson, Carney" uniqKey="Matheson C" first="Carney" last="Matheson">Carney Matheson</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Veall, Margaret Ashley" sort="Veall, Margaret Ashley" uniqKey="Veall M" first="Margaret-Ashley" last="Veall">Margaret-Ashley Veall</name>
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</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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